kn\na
tIcfobÀ aebmf Ne¨n{X
\nÀ½mWhpambn BZyambn _Ôs¸Sp¶Xv \nÀ½e F¶ kn\nabneqsSbmWv. aebmf Ne¨n{X
hyhkmb¯nsâ hfÀ¨¡pvv ImcWambXv 1948 ð \nÀ½n¡s¸« \nÀ½e F¶ Nn{XamWv. tIcf
Sm¡oknsâ _m\dnð \nÀ½n¨ "\nÀ½ebpsS" Km\§Ä Pn. i¦cIpdp¸pw kw`mjWw ]pt¯g¯v
cma³ tat\m\pamWv cNn¨Xv a«mt©cn Izbntem¬ _m¦nsâ amt\Pcmbncp¶ sI. hn.
tIminbpsS NeNn{X hnXcW I¼\nbmWv BZyIme aebmfNn{X§Ä Fñmw XotbädpIfnð
F¯n¨ncp¶Xv. a«mt©cnbnse KpPdm¯n¡mc\mb tZhvPn sP«m`mbn BZyIme Ne¨n{X
hnXcW¡mc\mWv. \ni_vvZNn{X§Ä apXð lnµn Nn{X§fpsS hnXcWw \S¯nbncp¶Xv tZhPnbmbncp¶p.
BZyambn tZiob Xe¯nð _lpaXn t\Snb \oe¡pbnð 1954 ð \nÀ½n¨Xv t^mÀ«psIm¨nbnð
P\n¨ Sn. sI. ]co¡p«nbmWv. ]Xns\m¶p hÀjs¯ CSthf¡ptijw _m_p F¶ Ckvvabnð
tk«v F¶ sIm¨n¡mc³ 1965 ð "sN½o³ " \nÀ½n¨p. {]knUïnsâ kzÀ® saUð t\Snb
BZy Z£ntW´y³ Nn{XamWv sN½o³. {_n«ojv Øm]\ambncp¶ {_ï³ I¼\nbmWv sIm¨nbnð
BZyambn Øncw NeNn{X {]ZÀi\ ime XpS§nbXv F¶p IcpXs¸Sp¶p. tIcf¯nð kn\nam
kvtIm¸v Nn{X§Ä {]ZÀin¸n¡phm\pÅ kmt¦XnI kuIcy§Ä BZyambn Hcp¡nbXv tXm¸pw]Snbnse
]t«ð Sm¡oknemWv tIcf¯nse BZys¯ 70 Fw Fw Xnt¿ädmWv ssk (Ct¸mgs¯ tImt¡gvkv
). tIcf¯nse BZys¯ FbÀ Iïoj³ Uv Xnt¿ädmWv {io[À. Gjybnse Xs¶ hnkvXmcapÅ
BZys¯ Xnt¿äÀ tjWmbvkv BWv B[p\nI i_vZ kmt¦XnI hnZyIfmb tUmÄ_n Un än
Fkv F¶nh tIcf¯nð BZyambn F¯nbXv sIm¨n \Kc¯nemWv .
sIm¨nbpsS kn\nam temIw tlmfnhpUv
Nn{X§fpsS tIcf¯nse dneokn§v tI{µ§fmbncp¶p
t^mÀ«psIm¨nbnse ssk\bpw a«mt©cnbnse ÌmÀ Sm¡okpw ta\I Xnt¿äÀ sIm¨n \Kc
Ncn{X¯nsâ {][m\ `mKamWv . sNdpXpw hepXpamb ]Xn\mtdmfw Xnt¿ädpIÄ sIm¨nsb
kn\nam temIhpambn _Ôn¸n ¡p¶p .
]n¶Wn KmbIÀ
\nÀ½e F¶ kn\nabnð \n¶mWv ]n¶Wn Km\
coXn¡v Bcw`w Ipdn¨Xv. sIm¨n kztZin tKmhnµdmhp "\nÀ½e" bnse "ip`eoe"
F¶p XpS§p¶ Km\w Be]n¨v aebmf¯nse BZy ]n¶Wn KmbI\mbn . AtX Nn{X¯nse "IcpWmIcm
]oXmw_c" F¶ Km\w]mSn "ktcmP\n tat\m³" BZys¯ ]n¶Wn KmbnIbmbn. ktcmP\n
tat\m³ P\n¨Xv sIm¨nbnse Xy¸pWn¯pdbnð BZyaebmf i_vZNn{Xamb _me\nð sIm¨n
kztZinbmb Hcp \Snbpw KmbnIbpapïmbncp¶p. ]ffpcp¯n e£anbmWv B \Sn. aebmf
kn\naKm\thZn¡v A`qX ]qÀÆamb kw`mh\IÄ \ðInb sal_q_v P\n¨Xpw hfÀ¶Xpw t^mÀ«psIm¨nbnemWv
Km\KÔÀh³ tbipZmkpw sIm¨n kztZinbmWv . hmksâ {]kn²amb "N{µteJbnð aebmfKm\w
Be]n¨ lmPn A_ZpÄ JmZÀ, sÌñm, Kmb{Xn , tKmIpe]me³, tbipZmknsâ ]nXmhv
AKÌn³ tPmk^v, D¯a³, tKm]³, sP³kn , skðam tPmÀÖv, s{^Un ]ff³, IñymWn
tat\m³, `cXv ]n. sP. BsâWn, sIm¨n³ C{_mlnw, tImdkv ]oäÀ, kotdm _m_p,
F¶nhÀ aebmf Ne¨n{X Km\ imJsb [\yam¡nb sIm¨n kztZinIfmWv. kn. H. Btâm
tPmfn F{_lmw F¶nhcpw sIm¨nbpsS k¼¯mWv.
kwKoX kwhn[m\w
kwKoX kwhn[m\ cwK¯pw sIm¨n A\izcamb
kw`mh\IÄ \ðInbn«pï v. AÀÖp\³ amÌÀ sIm¨nbpsS A\izc Km\ kwhn[mbI\mWv.
"Añnbm¼ð IShn"sâ kyjvSnboeqsS {]kn²cmb tPm_pw,tPmÀPpw "Xncame" bneqsS
{]ikvX\mb hnaðIpamÀ, ]n. sI. inhZmkv, {]Zo]v knwKv, ssh¸n³ kptc{µ³,
tXmakv _Àen, sPdn AaðtZhv ,sdIvkv sFk¡v, t_Wn Ctájykv F¶nhÀ kwKoX kwhn[m\
cwK¯v kz´w kzcw Dd¸n¨ sIm¨n \nhmknIfmWv.
A`nt\Xm¡Ä
A`n\bthZn¡v sIm¨n \ðInb DZm¯amb
D]lmcamWv `cXv AhmÀUv t\Snb Z£ntW´y³ \S³ ]n. sP. BsâWn. aebmf kn\nabpsS
A`nam\amb a½q«n XnIª sIm¨n¡mc\mWv. ap¯¿, hn³skâv aWhmf³ tPmk^v , dmWnN{µ,
tKmhnµ³Ip«n, ssk\p±o³, Xangv \S\pw \nÀ½mXmhpamb _memPn, i¦cmSn, sI.
]n. Fkn. Jm³, XpS§n A`n\bcwK¯v sIm¨nbpambn _Ôs¸« Hcp \oï \ncXs¶bpïv
. sIm¨nbnse Iem`h³ kn\nam temI¯n\p kw`mh\ sNbvX Xmc§Ä A\h[nbmWv.
Ne¨nt{XmÕh§Ä
A´Àt±iob Xe¯nð Ne¨nt{XmÕhw tIcf¯nð
BZyambn kwLSn¸n¨Xv sIm¨nbnemWv. GXmïv \mev ]Xnämïp ap¼pXs¶ cmapImcym«nsâ
t\XyXz¯nð km[mcW P\§Ä¡v Ne¨n{XtemIs¯ tafIfneqsS ]cnNbs¸Sp¯nbn«pïv KpPdm¯nbnð
4 Nn{X§Ä \nÀ½¨ Pb´v. sP. amfhnb P\n¨Xv a«mt©cnbnse KpPdm¯n IpSpw_¯nemWv.
BZys¯ sP. kn. Um\ntbð AhmÀUv tPXmhmb Sn. C. hmkptZh³, kwhn[mbIcmb tPkn
Xnc¡YmIy¯p¡fmb tPm¬ t]mÄ , Km\cNbnXmhmb _meN{µ³ NpÅn¡mSv, \nÀ½mXm ¡fmb
knbmZv tIm¡À F¶n§s\ \nch[n Ne¨n{X {]hÀ¯IcpsS `mKambn sIm¨n amdn¡gnªn.
sIm¨nbpw _me\pw
aebmf¯nse BZyi_vZNn{Xamb _me\nð
kl\Snbmbn A`\bn¨ \SnbmWv Iukey. 1938 ð doenkv Bb "_me³" Gsd {]ikvXn
t\Snb kn\nabmWv. sIm¨n ]memcnh«¯n\Sp¯v amawKeamWv IukeybpsS P\va tZiw
\Kc¯nsâ KmbI³
t^mÀ«psIm¨n ]«mf¯v Hcp ]«m¬ IpSpw_¯nemWv
salv_q_v P\n¨Xv. A\mYXzw \ndª _meyambncp¶p At±l¯ntâXv. imkv{Xob kwKoXtam
kwKoX¯nsâ kmt¦XnI hi§tfm Adnbm¯ sal_q_v sIm¨nbpsS am{Xañ kwKoX temIs¯
{]nb KmbI\mWv.
Fw. sI. AÀÖp\³
Bbnc¯ne[nIw \mSI§Ä¡pw Ccp\qdntesd
kn\naIÄ¡pw CuWw ]IÀ¶ Km\N{IhÀ¯nbmWv AÀÖp\³ amÌÀ. 1956 ð "]Ån¡päw F¶
\mSI¯n\v kwKoXw \ðInbn«pïv . H. F³. hn, ]n. `mkvIc³ hbemÀ F¶n IhnIfpsS
At\Iw IhnXIÄ Km\§fm¡nbn«pïv. "Idp¯ ]uÀWan" F¶ BZy Nn{X¯neqsS Xs¶ At±lw
{i²n¡s¸«p. Km\cNbnXmhn\v kzmX´yw \ð¡p¶ coXnbnð ]ms«gpXn¡gnªv S}¬ \ðIp¶
coXnbmW v AÀÖp\³ amÌdptSXv
sIm¨nbpw KÔÆKmbI\pw
t^mÀ«psIm¨n A[nImcn hf¸nð AKÌn³
tPmk^ntâbpw amfntb¡ð Fenk_¯nsâbpw aq¯ aI\mWv tbipZmkv t^mÀ«psIm¨n skâv
tPm¬ {_nt«m kv¡qÄ, tXm¸pw]Sn skâv sk_mÌy³ kv¡qÄ F¶nhnS§fnembncp¶p tbipZmknsâ
hnZym`mkw
sIm¨nbpw \mSIthZnbpw
1940þ50 ImeL«¯nð aebmf\mSIthZnbneqsS
hn¹hIcamb. amä§Ä¡v XpS¡w Ipdn¡m³ sIm¨nbnse Ac§pIÄ¡v Ignªn«pïv . cN\bnepw
AhXcW¯nepw ]ptcmKa\ Nn´bpsS cq]oIcWw sIm¨n \mSIthZnbpsS {]tXyIXbmbncp¶p.
BZyIme \mSI {]hÀ¯Iscñmw Nhn«p\mSIambn Bß_ÔapÅhcmbncp¶p. aebmf¯nse BZy
kwKoX \mSIamWv "CkvXm¡n NcnXw" kwKoX \mSI§fnse skäpIfnð hÀ®s¸mena BZyambn
D]tbmKn¨Xpw sIm¨nbnð Act§dnb \mSI §fnemWv. hnkv B³{Uqknsâ "aninlmNcn{Xw"
hfsc {]ikvXamWv. hnUv B³{Uqknsâ k\vamÀK hnemkw kwKoX \S\ k`bmWv \mSI
IemImc\vamÀ¡v BZyambn anI¨ {]Xn^ew \ðInb kwL§fnð H¶v ]n. sP. BsâWnbpw
GcqÀhmkp tZhpw. kwhn[mbI\mb FÍn amÌdpw sIm¨nbnse Ac§pIÄ¡v Znimt_m[w
]IÀ¶hcmbncp¶p. {io ap¯¿bpsS t\XyXz¯nð tjIvkv]ocnb³ \mSI§fpsS AhXcWhpw
sIm¨nbnð cq]s¸«n«pïv. cmjv{Sob kmaqlnI kmwkvvImcnI cwK§fnð {]hÀ¯n¡p¶hcpsSbpw
km[mcW sXmgnemfnIfpsSbpw D¶X IpePmXcptSbpw Iq«mbvabmbncp¶p sIm¨nbnse
\mSIthZn, ap³a{´n Sn. sI. cmaIyjvWsâ \mSI§Ä, a«mt©cn Fw. Fð.F. Bbncp¶p
sI. F¨v. kpsseam³ amÌdpsS "]¨s¡mSn" F¶nh sIm¨nbnð P\{i² ]nSn¨p ]änb
\mSI§fmbncp¶p. ]n. sP. BsâWn, aWhmf³ tPmk^v ap¯¿, AKÌn³ tPmk^v, ]m¸p¡p«n
`mKhXÀ FÊn amÌÀ, i¦cmSn, ]dhqÀ `cX³ _nbm{Sokv, XpS§n [mcmfw IemImc³amÀ
sIm¨nsb [\yam¡nbn«pï.v
hnkv. B³{Uqkv
cN\bnepw AhXcW¯nepw ]ptcmKa\ Nn´bpsS
cq]oIcWw sIm¨n \mSIthZnbpsS {]tXyIXbmbncp¶p. ]gb sIm¨n cmPy¯nsâ IStemc
{Kma§fnð Nhn«p \mSI {]Øm\w hfscb[nIw iàambncp¶p. BZyIme \mSI BNmcy³amcnð
Hcmfmbn cp¶p hnkv. B³{Uqkv . aebmf¯nse BZy kwKoX \mSIamb " CkvXm¡n NcnXw"
(1891) FgpXnb hnkv B³{Uqkv P\n¨Xv Nhn«p\mSI¯nsâ Hcp {][m\ tI{µamb sNñm\w
{Kma¯nemWv . Úm\ kpµcn AIv_À hnizmk hnPbw ]dpZokm \jvSw Ime tImemlew
aninlm Ncn{Xw XpS§nb \mð¸¯ntbgne[nIw \mSI§Ä B³{Uqkv cNn¨n«pïv . BÀ«nÌv
]n. sP. sNdnbm³ , kwKoX kwhn[mbI\pw \S\pamb hnaðIpamÀ, inh{]kmZv , thep¡p«n,
AKÌn³ tPmk^v, sk_mÌy³ Ipªp Ipªp `mKhXÀ, F¶nhcpsS KpcpØm\ob\mbncp¶p B³{Uqkv
.
Jm³
]Ýna sIm¨nbpsS \mSI imeIfnð \n¶v
t\Snb A\p`h k¼¯pambmWv Jm³ sI. ]n. Fkn bnð F¯nbXv. Nncn¡Ww Nncn¸n¡Ww
F¶ apJap{Zbmbncp¶p Jm\v Dïmbncp¶p. 1959 apXð \oï 35 hÀjw \mSIthZnbnð
\ndªp\n¶ IemImc\mbncp¶p Jm³. aWhmf³ tPmk^v. Fw. sP. BâWn salv_q_v X_enÌv
cmP¸³ F¶nhÀ tNÀ¶pïm¡nb BÀ«nÌv {Kq¸mbncp¶p BZyIfcn . sI. ]n. Fknbnð \n¶p
]n¶oSv kn\nabnse¯nb Jm³ cmcn¨³ F¶ ]uc³, an¶man\p§v Fsâ \oemImiw Iq«pIpSpw_w,
Xqem`mcw, GWn¸SnIÄ XpS§nb kn\naIfnð A`n\bn¨p. AiztaY¯nse slð¯v anknäÀ
, ici¿bnse ]pkvXI¸pg, IcpWmIc³ Iq«pIpSpw_¯nse hmäpImc³ XpS§n lmkythj§fWnª
Jm³ ssh¸n³Imc\mWv .
sjhenbÀ ]n. sP. sNdnbm³
sIm¨n cmPyk`bpsS BØm\ IemImc\pw
Nn{Xsagp¯pImc\pw Nn{XsaSp¸pImc\pw Bbncp¶p ]n. sP. sNdnbm³. amthen¡c
cmPmchnhÀ½ Nn{XIem hnZymeb¯nsâ Øm]IcnsemcmfmWv Ct±lw. Cu hnZymeb¯nsâ
{][m\ A²ym]I\p ambncp¶p. tIcf¯nse BZys¯ t^mt«m ÌpUntbm Bb tdmbð ÌpUntbm
1927 ð sIm¨n \Kc¯nð Øm]n¨Xv ]n. sP. sNdn bm\mWv. aebmfn \nÀ½n¨v aebmfn
kwhn[m\w sNbvX BZy aebmf Ne¨n{Xw "\nÀ½e "bpsS \nÀ½mXmhmbncp¶p. F®Ñmb
Nn{Xsagp¯nð AXn{]Kð`\mbncp¶p. t^mt«m {Km^nbnð 15, 10 hen¸¯nð {Kq¸v t^mt«mIÄ¡v
]pXnb kwhn[m\w BhnjvIcn¨p. Øncw \mSIthZn F¶ Bibw BZyambn tIcf¯nð AhXcn¸n¨p.
Rmdbv¡ð " k\vamÀK hnemk \S\ k` kvYm]n¨p \mSI IemImc\vamÀ¡v anI¨ {]Xn^ew
\ðInb BZyIme kwL§fnð H¶mbncp¶p Cu k` " Øm]n¨p. "kvt\l koa" kn\nabnð
sshZnI thjaWn ªp. 1965 ð t]mÄ Bdma³ amÀ¸m¸ "sjhenbÀ " _lpaXn k½m\n¨p.
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