Øm]\§Ä
sslt¡mSXn
C´ybnse
Gähpw {]mbw Ipdª sslt¡mSXnIfnð H¶mWv tIcf sslt¡mSXn 1956 \hw_À H¶n\mWv
tIcf sslt¡mSXnØm]n¨Xv. j¬apJw tdmUpw _m\ÀPn tdmUpw kÔn¡p¶nSs¯ dmw taml³
]mekv Bbncp¶p. sslt¡mSXn aµncambn cq]m´cw{]m]n¨Xv. 1938 ð A¶s¯ {_n«ojv
ssht{kmbnbmbncp¶ an³en¯v tKm {]`p sIm¨n kµÀin¨t¸mÄ ]Wn Ign¨Xmbncp¶p
dmw taml³]mekv. cïmw temI almbp²Ime¯v dmw taml³ ]mek v ssk\nI Bip]{Xnbmbncp¶p.
1949 hsc sIm¨n \nbak`m sk{It«dntbäv ChnsSbmbncp¶p. 1812 hsc sIm¨nbnð
Bkq{XnX \nba hyhØ Dïmbncp¶nñ. Kuchtadnb XÀ¡§Ä¡v XoÀ¸v Ið¸n¨ncp¶Xv Imcy¡mcmbncp¶p.
XÀ¡w ]cnlcn¡m³ Imcy¡mÀ¡p Ignªnsñ¦nð cmPmhmbncp¶p A´na XoÀ¸p Ið¸n¨ncp¶Xv.
1812 ð tIWð a¬tdm Imcy¡mcpsS\oXn \nÀÆlW NpaXe Ahkm\n¸n¨p. Xr¸qWn¯pdbnepw
Xriqcnepw Hmtcm k_vt¡mSXnIfpw Øm]n¨p. FdWmIpf¯v A¸teävA[nImcapff aq¶p
PUvPnamcS§p¶ Hcp lÖqÀ It¨cnbpw Øm]n¨p. Hcp lnµp PUvPn Hcp {InkvXy³ PUvPnHcp
imkv{Xn F¶n§s\bmbncp¶p {Iaw. tImSXnbpsS tae[y£ ]Zhn hln¨ncp¶Xv Znhm³
Xs¶bmbncp¶p. ]n¶oSv h¶ PnñmtImSXnIfpsS ap³KmanIfmWv .Cu k_vtImSXnIÄ.
lÖqÀ It¨cn sIm¨n No^v tImÀ«nsâ ap³Kmanbpw. 1818 ð Znhm\mb \©¸Xriqcntebpw
Xr¸qWn¯pdbntebpw k_vt¡mSXnIÄ \nÀ¯em¡n. Xriqcnð PnñmtImSXnbpw FdWmIpf¯v
A©nss¡afpw Øm]n¨p. 1938 Pq¬ 18 \v Znhm³ j¬apJw sN«nbmcpsS `cWIme¯mWv
No^v tImÀ«v Hm^v sIm¨n³ sIm¨n sslt¡mSXnbmbncq]m´cw sN¿s¸«Xv. 1949 Pqsse
7 \v {]hÀ¯\amcw`n¨ XncpþsIm¨n sslt¡mSXn tIcf¸ndhn hsc{]hÀ¯\w XpSÀ¶p.
PÌokvsI . Sn tIminbmbncp¶p BZy No^v PÌokv A¡me¯v No^v PÌokv AS¡w 8 PUvPnamcpïmbncp¶p.
XncpsIm¨n sslt¡mSXnbpsS {]hÀ¯\ coXnIsf ]cnjvIcn¡pIbpw {IaoIcn¡pIbpw
sNbvXpsImïmWv tIcf sslt¡mSXn AXnsâ{]hÀ¯\w Bcw`n¨Xv. tIcf¯n\p ]pdsa e£Zzo]pw
sslt¡mSXnbpsS A[nImc]cn[nbnð hcp¶pïv.sIm¨n sslt¡mSXnbnepw XncpsIm¨nsslt¡mSXnbnepw
No^v PÌnkv sI. Sn tImin 1956 apXð 1959 hsc tkh\a\pjvTn¨n«pïv. C´ybnse
BZys¯ h\nX PUvPnbpw tIcf¯nð \n¶p Xs¶bmWv. 1959 apXð 1967 hsc sslt¡mSXn
PUvPnbmbncp¶p. Cu _lpaXn¡v A¶NmïnbmWv AÀlbmbXv A¶m Nmïnsb XpSÀ¶v ]n
Pm\Inb½bpw Fw ^m¯nam _ohnbpw sslt¡mSXn PUPnamcmbn.
sIm¨n ^nenw skmsskän
1984 ð {]hÀ¯\ amcw`n¨ sIm¨n³ ^nenw
skmsskän tIcf¯nse {][m\s¸« ^nenw skmsskänIfnð H¶mWv . _män³ jn¸v t]m«³Iow
t\mSpIqSn Bcw`n¨ Nn{X{]ZÀi\w Hcpamkw t]mepw apS§msX XpScp¶p . CXmWv
sIm¨n³ ^nenw skmsskänbpsS {it±bamb t\«w.
`mcXv `h³
\qämïpIfmbn Gähpw A[nIw A\y`mj kwØm\¡mÀ
A[nhkn¡p¶ \KcamWv sIm¨n . Iebpw kwkvImchpw `mjbpw ]cnc£n¡p¶Xn\pw ]cnt]mjn¡p¶Xn\pw
thïnbpff kwØm\ kÀ¡mcnI hIp¸v Øm]\amWv `mcXv `h³ . CXv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv sIm¨nbnemWv
kmwkvImcnI ka\zbhpw tZiotbmZv{KY\ hpamWv `mcXv `hsâ {][m\ e£yw. 1998
emWv `mcXv `h³ Xncph\´]pc¯p \n¶v amän Øm]n¨Xv. Fd WmIpfw UÀ_mÀ lmfnemWv
`mcXv `h³ .

tIcf ss^³ BÀ«vkv skmsskän
1956 ð tIcf ss^³ BÀ«vkv skmsskän
\nehnð h¶p .Fkv. BÀ. hn. kv¡qÄ apä¯p \n¶p XpS§nb kwcw`w C¶v 1200 t]À¡v
Ccn¡mhp¶ hnimeamb HmUntämdnbapff Øm]\ambn amdn .Ie, kmwkvImcnI {]hÀ¯\§sf
t{]mðkmln¸n¡m\mbn Bcw`n¨XmWv Cu skmsskän.sIm¨n³ ^nenw skmsskän ,_ow
XpS§nb kwLS\Ifpambn klIcn¨v ]cn]mSnIÄ \S¯p¶pïv . kwKoX \y¯ ¢mkpIÄ ChnsS
\S¯p¶pïv skmsskänbpsS BZyIme {]hÀ¯\§fnð {]aqJ\mbncp¶p .PÌokv .hn. BÀ
.IyjvW¿À, PÌokv ]n.sI. kp{_ÒWy¿À, sI. hn. kqcy\mcmbW¿À, tPmk^v Nt¡mf
.XpS§nb hÀ . BÀ am[h³ \mbÀ ZoÀL Imew {]knUïmbncp¶p .
BbpÀthZ tImtfPv : ]pXnb Imhv Iym]kv
BbpÀthZ kap¨bw : ]pXnb
Imhv
BtcKy taJebnse Gähpw henb BbpÀtÆZ
aµnc kap¨bw B[p\oI kwhn[m\§fpambn ]pXnb Imhn emWv . 12 tImSn cq] Nnehnð
]qÀ¯nbmIp¶ Cu Bip]{Xnbnð 350 InS¡IfpsS kuIcyamWv Hcp¡nbn«p ffXv . hntZinIsf
Dt²in¨v 25 þ 30 apdnIÄ FbÀ Iïoj³ CâÀtImw {^nUvPv Snhn kuIcy§tfmsS kPoI
cn¡p¶p .1998 ð Bcw`n¨XmWv Cu kap¨b \nÀ½mWw . \nehnepff kuIcy§Ä hn]peoIcn¡p¶tXmsS
BbpÀthZ hnZym`ymk taJebnð temI¯nse Xs¶ skâÀ t^mÀ FIvke³Uv F¶ ]Zhnbnte¡p
amdp¶ GI kÀ¡mÀ Øm]\amhpw ]pXnb Imhv BbpÀthZ tImtfPv .
tI{µob `h³
tI{µkÀ¡mÀ Hm^okpIÄ¡mbn 2005 Pqebnð
Xy¡m¡cbnð tI{µob `h³ \nehnð h¶p .sk³{Sð C³Ukv{Snbð skIyqcnän t^mgvkv
( kn .sF .Fkv. F^v ) , I½yqWnän ^pUv B³Uv \yq{Sojy³ FIvkä³j³ Hm^okv
, C³Iw SmIvkv A]veäv ss{S_pWð , ^oðUvv ]»nknän Hm^okv , ]n.sF._n, sk³{Sð
Cât{KäUv s]Ìv amt\Pvsaâv skâÀ, A{]âokv jn¸v s{Sbn\nwKv FIvs̳j³ skâÀ
taJemImcymebw , kn.]n. U»nbp Un. sIm¨n , XyiqÀ Unhnj³ Hm^okpIÄ F³ .F.
kn. sshðUv sse^v k_v doP\ð Hm^okv , U]yq«n No^v I¬ t{SmfÀ Hm^v FIvkv
t¹mknhvkv \mjWð kmw]nÄ kÀtÆ HmÀKss\tkj³ PntbmfPn¡ð kÀtÆ Hm^v C´y tPm:
UbdIvSÀ P\dð Hm^v t^mdn³ t{SUv XpS§nb Hm^okpIfmWv tI{µob `h\nepffXv
.

kvt]mÀSvkv A¡mZan
kwØm\ kvt]mÀSvkv Iu¬knepw \Kck`bpw
tNÀ¶v ]\¼nffn \KÀ Kh : kvIqfnð kvt]mÀSvkv A¡mZan ¡v XpS¡w Ipdn¨p . {Sbðkv
\S¯n ]cnioe\¯n\mbn XncsªSp¡p¶ Ip«nIÄ¡v ]\¼nffn \KÀ kvIqfnð ]cnioe\t¯msSm¸w
]T\kuIcyw Hcp¡p¶p . ^pSvt_mÄ , lm³Uv t_mÄ , F¶nh¡pw , Pw]v C\§Ä¡pw BZyL«w
]cnioe\w \ðIp¶p cïmw L«¯nð _mkv¡äv t_mÄ , thmfn t_mÄ , F¶nh¡pw ]cnioe\w
\ðIpw.
FdWmIpfw Pnñm klIcW _m¦v
1961 Pq¬ 30 \mWv XyiqÀ PnñmklIcW
_m¦nð \n¶v hn`Pn¨v FdWmIpfw Pnñm _m¦v {]hÀ¯\amcw`n¨Xv. C¶v Im¡\mSmWv
_m¦nsâ BØm\ aµncw . 2.95 e£w cq] aqe[\hpw 9.59 e£w cq] \nt£]hpw XpS¡¯nð
Dïmbncp¶ Øm]\w 8 tImSnbnð ]cw aqe[\hpw 560 tImSntbmfw \nt£]hpambn hfÀ¶p
]´en¨p \nð¡p¶p .
\nÀ½e inip`h³, Fkv. BÀ. Fw. tdmUv .
1974 sabv 9 \mWv inip`h³ Bcw`n¨Xv
. kndnb³ Im¯en¡v k`bpsS IÀ±n\mÄ ]mtd¡m«nensâ \nÀt±i {]Imcw Øm]n¨XmWv
CXv . A\mYcmIp¶ Ip«nIÄ¡v thïn aZÀsXtckbpsS anj\dokv Hm^v Nmcnän Bcw`n¨
At\Iw A\mYmeb§fnð H¶mWv FdWmIpfw .Fkv. BÀ. Fw. tdmUnse inip`h³ .
b¯nwJm\ .
]ptñ¸Sn Ac§¯v t{Imkv tdmUnð aq¶p
\ne sI«nS¯nembn b¯nwJm\ {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p . apÉow hna³kv Atkmkntbjsâ t\Xy¯z¯nð
\S¯p¶ apÉow kv{Xo A\mYmebw tIcf¯nð kv{XoIfpsS BZys¯ kwcw`amWv . apÉow
hna³kv Atkmkntbjsâ Iognepff \mep h\nXm tlmÌepIfnse hcpam\w A\mYmeb ¯n\p
thïn NnehnSp¶p . slðt]Pv C´ybpsS {Km\nkvXo a\pkcn¨v Zmcn{ZtcJbv¡v Xmsg
65 hbÊn\p tað {]mbapff kv{XoIÄ¡v 200 cq] bpw 200 cq]bpsS ]eNc¡pw hnXcWw
sN¿p¶p

sIm¨n XpdapJw
646 hÀjs¯ Ncn{Xw AhImis¸Sm\pff
Hcp XpdapJamWv sIm¨n XpdapJ¯n\v temIhmWnPy`q]S¯nð Øm\w e`n¨Xv t]mÀ«pKokpImcpsS
BKa\t¯msSbmWv . P\dð Iñ³ dknUâmbncp¶ Ime¯mWv (1840 þ 60 ) Iym]vä³ ImÌÀ
sIm¨nbnse BZys¯ t]mÀ«v Hm^okdmbn NmÀsPSp¯Xv . 1854 Un. 28 \v sIm¨n³
tNw¼À Hm^v tImtagvkv cq]hXvIyXambn sIm¨n cmPmhn\p thïn 800 S¬ I¸ð ]Wn
sImSp¯Xv Hmt«gvk¬ , Iymw]vs_ð Bâv I¼\nbpsS ]¦mfnbpw I¸ð \nÀ½mXmhpamb
Pbnwkv Hmt«gvk¬ Bbncp¶p . 1920 G{]nð 13 \v tdm_À«v {_ntÌm sIm¨nbnð F¯n
. t]mÀ«vkv au¯n\p FXnÀhi¯pff lkveÀ s]\n³kpe tbmSv kmZyiyapffXmWv sIm¨n
XpdapJ¯nsâ ØnXn F¶v At±lw a\Ênem¡nXpdapJ hnIk\ ]cn]mSn Bkq{XWw sN¿m³
Kh¬saâv XpdapJ F³Pn\obdmb tdm_À«v {_ntÌmsb \ntbmKn¨p . 1341 emWv XpdapJw
Øm]nXambXv .
ssh . Fw. kn. F . FdWmIpfw (bwKv sa³kv IykvXy³ Atkmkntbj³ )
FdWmIpfw \Kc¯nse kmaqly tkh\ cwK¯v
{][m\ Øm\amWv ssh. Fw. kn. F. ¡pffXv . bphP\§fpsS am\knIhpw A²ymßnIhpw
_u²nIhqamb hfÀ¨ e£yanSp¶ ssh. Fw. kn. F. bpsS FdWmIpfw imJ 1939 emWv
Bcw`n¡p¶Xv . Im\³sjUv tdmUnse hmSI sI«nS¯nembncp¶p XpS¡w . ]n¶oSv Sn.
Un. tdmUnse sI«nS¯nte¡v amän . sIm¨n cmZys¯ Nn^v saUn¡ð Hm^okdmbncp¶p
tUm . Sn hÀ¤okv Bbncp¶p Øm]I {]knUâv tPmk^v F. ^nen¸v Bbncp¶p BZy sk{I«dn
, \Kc¯nse hnhn[ `mK§fnepÅ ssh. Fw. kn. F. bpsS tlmÌepIfnð Ipdª\nc¡nepff
Xmak kuIcyw e`yamWv . aXcwK¯pw , tkh\ ImcpWy cwK¯pw CXv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p .
IemImbnI ]cn]mSnIfpw ssh. Fw. kn. F. kwLSn¸n¡p¶p . ]memcnh«¯pw ku¯nepw
Hmtcm {_m©pIÄ {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p. FdWmIpfw ssh. Fw. kn. F bpsS 50#m hmÀjnIt¯mS\p
_Ôn¨mWv ]memcnh«w {_m©v XpS§p¶Xv . 1992 emWv ku¯v {_m©v XpS§p¶Xv . 2004
sabvð t_mbvkv tlmfnt\mSp\p_Ôn¨v hna³kv tlmÌen\pw XpS¡ambn . sXcphnð
Aeªp Xncnªv \S¡p¶ A\mY Ip«nIfpsS kwc£W¯n\mbn t_mbvkv tlmapw am\knI sshIñyapff
Ip«nIÄ¡mbn ssNX\ybpw ssh. Fw. kn. F. bpsS Iognð {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p
Ct¸mgs¯ {]knUâv tdmbv hÀ¤okpw sk{I«dn sP. D½\pamWv .
t_mbvkv tlmw
sXcphpIfnð \n¶v In«p¶ A\mY Ip«nIfpsS
kwc£W¯n\mbn 1942 ð kzm³en _w¥mhnt\mSp tNÀ¶v Hcp tI{µw XpS§n . ]n¶oSv
"_meaµnc ' F¶ t]cnð F«v Ip«nIfpambn apñtÈcn I\mð tdmUnð hmSI sI«nS¯nte¡pamdn.
ISp¯ km¼¯nI _p²nap«p ImcWw 1947 ð Øm]\w \ndp¯n . 1961 ð t_mbvkv tlmw
F¶ t]cnð 12 Ip«nIfpambn ]memcnh«Xv hoïpw {]hÀ¯\w XpS§n . ]n¶oSv CXv
Xy¡m¡cbnte¡v amän . Ct¸mÄ 28 B¬Ip«nIfmWv ChnsSbpffXv . CXnð 27 t]À CS¸ffnbnse
skâv tPmk^v sslkv¡pfnepw HcmÄ tXm¸nð skâv tPmk^v Fð. ]n. kv¡qfnepw ]Tn¡p¶p
. Hmtcm hÀjhpw 30 e[nIw t]sc ChnsS Xmakn¸n¡p¶p . ChnsS \n¶p ]pd¯nd§nb
Fñmhcpw . C¶v \ñ \nebnð tPmen sNbvXp PohnIp¶p .

ssNX\y {SÌv
am\knI hfÀ¨ Ipdª Ip«nIIÄ¡mbn 1983
ð tNXkv F¶ t]cnð hShpt¡mSv Hcp tI{µw Bcw`n¨p . Ggv At´hmkn Ifpambn hShpt¡mSv
IykvXy³ skânsâbpw FdWmIpfw ssh. Fw. kn. F. bpsSbpw kwbpà kwc`ambn XpS§nb
tNXkv . 1991 ð ssNXy {SÌmbn amän . Xy¡m¡cbnse t_mbvkv tlman\p kao]t¯¡v
amäpIbpw sNbvXp . C¶v ChnsS 18 t]cmWpffXv kvt]mÀSvkv s]bv³nwKv , t{UmbnwKv
, kwKoXw F¶nhbnð ChÀ¡v {]tXyI ]cnioe\w \ðIp¶p . Cu hÀjw sIm¨nbnð \S¶
sk]vjyð \nch[n k½m\§Ä t\Snbncp¶p .
hoKmemâv
Im¡\mSn\Sp¯ ]ffn¡cbnse 18.5 G¡À
Ip¶nð sNcphnð ]c¶ InS¡p¶ hoKmemâv C´ybnse anI¨ hm«À Xow ]mÀ¡pIfnsem¶mWv
. kap{Z \nc¸nð \n¶p 300 ASn Dbc¯nepff Cu {]tZiw sIm¨n \Kc¯nð \n¶p 14
IntemaoäÀ AIsebmWv . shffw D]tbmKn¡p¶Xpw Añm¯Xpamb \nch[n ssdUpIfmWv
ChnsSbpffXv . Icn¦ñpw sh«pIñpw D]tbmKn¨v XoÀ¯ncn¡p¶ tIm«IÄ , at\mlcamb
]qt´m«§Ä , kwKoX Pe[mc , Iy{Xna XncameIfpff thhv ]qÄ , Iqä³ inð]§Ä b£nIYIsf
HmÀ½n¸n¡p¶ sIm«mc kZyiyamb Ggp \nebnepff hntâPv Imknð XpS§n kµÀiIsc
BËmZn¸n¡p¶h ChnsS \nch[nbmWv. DtZyKw P\n¸n¡p¶ Xc¯nepff ssdUpIfpw Gsdbpïv
. hn]peamb Peip²oIcW kwhn[m\amWv ChnsSbpffXv . F«v aWn¡qdnð 25 e£w enäÀ
shffw ip²oIcn¡p¶p . Hcp Znhkw 12 , 000 t]À¡v Hcp an¨v kµÀiw \S¯m\pff
kuIcyw ChnsSbpïv . {]IyXn kuIcyhpw . kmt¦XnI hnZybpw Hcpan¡p¶ hoKmemânð
Z£ntW´ybpsS hnhn[ `mK§fnð \n¶mbn Bbnc§fmWv Zn\w {]Xn F¯p¶Xv . hn. KmÀUv
No^v FIvknIy«ohv sIm¨utk^v Nnäne¸ffnbmWv cmPym´c \nehmcapff Cu ]mÀ¡v
XpS§p¶Xv . 2000 G{]nenembncp¶p DZvLmS\w XpS¡¯nð 21 tImSnbmWv CXn\mbn
apS¡nbXv . ]mÀ¡ns\ aebmf¯\natbmsS cq]s¸Sp¯nsbSp¯Xv BÀ¡n sSIvdv tPmk^v
tPmWmWv .
doPnbWð A\eän¡ð et_md«dn . Im¡\mSv
`£y hkvXp¡fnð ambw tNÀ¡p¶Xv Isï¯m³
kwØm\ BtcmKy hIp¸n\p Iognð {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ Øm]\amWv doPnb Wð A\eän¡ð et_md«dn
. kwØm\s¯ aq¶v em_pIfnð tIm«bw , CSp¡n , XyiqÀ , FdWmIpfw PnñIfpsS NpaXe
Im¡\ms« em_n\mWpffXv . hntZi¯p \n¶v Cd¡paXn sN¿p¶ `£yhkvXp¡Ä ]cntim[n¨v
KpW\nehmc kÀ«n^n¡äpIÄ \ðIm³ A[nImcapff tIcf¯nse GI et_md«dnbmWnXv .
ambw tNÀ¡ð \ntcm[n¨psImïv 1954 ð ]pds¸Sphn¨ \nbaamWv Cu Øm]\¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\w
kw_Ôn¨ amÀ¤tcJ . Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\§fnse ^pUv C³kvs]IvSÀ hgnsb¯p¶ km¼nfpIfmWv
ChnsS ]cntim[n¡p¶hbnð Gdnb ]¦pw . kzImcy hyànIÄ¡v \nÝnX ^okv AS¨mð km¼nfpIÄ#w
]cntim[n¨v ^ew Adnbn¡p¶Xn\pff kwhn[m\w ChnsSbpïv . ]cntim[\ hgn Iy{Xnaw
Isï¯nbmð dnt¸mÀ«v _Ôs¸« slð¯v Hm^okÀ¡v \ðIp¶p . 1975 emWv em_v XpS§p¶Xv
. ChnsS \mev hn`mK§Ä {]hÀ¯nIp¶p (1( `£y F®IÄ (2) tXbne Im¸n , (3) ]mepw
]mð D𸶧fpw (4) Pew F¶nhbpsS ]cntim[\IÄ \S¯m\mWnh. Htcm hn`mK¯n sâbpw
Xeh³ dnkÀÆv Hm^okdmWv .

doPnbWð sIan¡ð FIvkmant\gvkv
et_m«dn Im¡\mSv
tIcf kÀ¡mcnsâ B`y´c hIp¸nð Iognð
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶ kzX´y Øm]\amWv . Im¡\mSv knhnð tÌj\p kao]apff doPnbWð sIan¡ð
FIvkmant\gvkv et_m«dn . 1989 emWv et_m«dn XpS§nbXv . tIcf¯nemsIbpff
aq¶p sIan¡ð et_m«dnIfnð H¶mWv CXv . CSp¡n , XyiqÀ , ]me¡mSv, FdWmIpfw
PnñIfnse tIkpIfmWv Cu em_n\p Iognð hcp¶Xv .
A©p hn`mK§fnembmWv ChnsS ]cntim[\
\S¯p¶Xv .
1. kotdmfPn : {In\n\ð Ipä§fpambn
_Ôs¸« tIkpIfmWv kotdmfPnbnð ]co£n¡p¶Xv .
2. tSmIvknt¡mfPn : BßlXy , hnjw sImSp¯psImñpI XpS§nb tIkpIfmWv
tSmIvknt¡mfPnbnð hniIe\w sN¿p¶Xv .
3. \mÀt¡m«nIv : {_u¬ jpKÀ , ljojv , I©mhv XpS§nb ab¡pacp¶ns\XnscbmWv
\mÀt¡m«nIv hn`mKw {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv .
4. FIvsskkv : A_vImcn tIkpIfpambn _Ôs¸«mWv FIvsskkv hn`mKw {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv
hntZi aZy¯nsâ ]cntim[\¡v {]tXyI ]cnioe\w t\Snb Hcp hn`mKhpw em_nepïv
.
5. anÊte\nbkv : knaâv , s]t{SmÄ , Uokð , ]S¡w apXembh ]cntim[¡p
hnt[bam¡pIbpw kvt^mS\ hkvXpIÄ ssek³knñmsX ssIhiw sh¨mð ]nSns¨bp¡pIbpw
ØncoIcn¡pIbpamWv . anÊte\nbkv hn`mK¯nsâ tPmen . as®® , Nµ\ss¯ew , kzÀ®
]Wb¯nðtað Iy{Xna XpS§nb tIkpIfnepw sXfnhpIÄ \ðIp¶p . IpäIyXy§Ä ]cntim[n¨v
kÀ«n^n¡äv \ðIp¶Xn\p ]pdsa ]cntim[IÀ tImSXnbnse¯n samgn \ðImdpïv
ssa{Xn (t^m¬ \¼À -0484-2396272)
tIcf¯nse BßlXy \nc¡v Ipd¡pI F¶ e£yt¯msS
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶ kwLS\bmWv ssa{Xn . sIm¨nbnse It¨cn¸Sn BioÀ`h³ tdmUn\p kao]amWv
ssa{XnbpsS BØm\w . PohnX¯nð Häs¸«v Añ¦nð A]am\`mcw kln¡m\mhmsX BßlXybpsS
h¡nse¯nbhÀ t^mWneqsStbm t\cnt«m ssa{Xnbpambn _Ôs¸«mð aXn . ssa{Xn hfïnbÀamÀ
AhcpsS{]iv\§Ä tIÄ¡m³ X¿mdmWv AhÀ . ]cnlmcw \nÀt±in¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p . ssa{XnbpsS
{]hÀ¯\ ^eambn PohnX¯nte¡p Xncn¨p h¶hÀ \nch[nbmWv . P\ ]¦mfn¯t¯msS BßlXy
XSbpI F¶XmWv ssa{XnbpsS e£yw . tIcfobÀ¡nSbnse BßlXym{]hWX F¶ hnjbs¯
¡pdn¨v 1994 ð skâÀ t^mÀ slð¯v sIbÀ dnkÀÆv Bâv FPpt¡j³ kwLSn¸n¨ ]cn]mSnbnemWv
sIm¨nbnð C§s\ Hcp tI{µw Øm]n¡m³ Xocpam\ambXv . sNss¶bnse kvt\l F¶ kwLS\bpsS
]n´pWtbmsS 1995 PqWnð ssa{Xn XpS§pIbpw sNbvXp . cmPKncn tImtfPv Hm^v
tkmjyð kb³kv UbdIvSÀ ^mZÀ . tPmkv AeIvkv Bbncp¶p . BZy {]knUâv . ]n.
H. tPmÀPv sk{I«dnbpw .

IcpWmebw
^mZÀ hÀKokv ]¿¸nÅn NpW§w thenbnð
Øm]n¨ awamWv "AKXnIfpsS ktlmZcnamÀ' AKXnIfpsS ktlmZcnamcpsS NpaXebnemWv
IcpWmebw . 1971 ð IcpWmebw Øm]n¨p . ^mZÀ tPmÀPv shñymd¼¯pw aZÀ tdmkv
tacnbpw tNÀ¶mWv IcpWmebw Øm]n¨Xv .
kvt\l `h³
1974 sabv 26 \v th¼\m«p ImbecpInembn
Ip«nIÄ¡p thïnbpfe `h\w . \nehnð h¶p . sIm¨n³ tImÀ¸tdj³ tabdmbncp¶ lwkIpªntâbpw
^mZcntâbpw ^eambn ]WnXXmWv kvt\l`h³ , kvt\l`h³ As\Ivkv , kvt\l`h³ ,
t_mkvtIm `h³ t_mkvtIm \nebw F¶o \mepL«§fneqsSbmWv Ip«nIfpsS ]p\c[nhmkw
]qÀ¯nbmIp¶Xv . Ip«nIfpsS ImbnIhpw am\knIhpamb D¶a\w e£yam¡nbpffXmWv
kvt\l `h\nse in£WcoXn . tUm¬ t_mkvtIm k`bpsS tað t\m«¯nð Ip«nIfpsS `qcn`mKhpw
sNehpw tImÀ¸ tdj\mWv hln¡p¶Xv . ap¸Xp hÀjs¯ tkh\w ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbncn¡bmWv
kvt\l `h\w .
Su¬ lmÄ
\Kck`¡v cïp Su¬ lmfpIÄ Dïv a«mt©cnbnepw
FdWmIpfw t\mÀ¯nepw {]Ya {][m\a{´n PhlÀemð s\lvdphnsâ kvamcIamWv a«mt©cn
Su¬ lmÄ C. Fw. Fkv. sâ HmÀ½¡mbmWv FdWmIpft¯Xv

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