kmlnXyw
kmlnXyImc³amÀ
sIm¨nbpw _jodpw
ssh¡w
apl½Zv _joÀ F¶ hnJymX kmlnXyImc³ " t]meoknsâ aIÄ "F¶ BZy IYmkamlmcw
\nd¨ k©nbpambnsIm¨nbnse hgnIfneqsS \S¶ncp¶ Hcp Imew Dïmbncp¶p. C¡me¯v
sIm¨n³ t_¡dnbpsS hcm´bnð kz´w _p¡v kämÄ Bcw`n¨p. sIm¨n³ t_¡dnbpsS hcm´bnð
\n¶v t_m«pP«nbnte¡v _p¡v ÌmÄ amänb¸mÄ kÀ¡nÄ _p¡v lukv F¶m¡n amän. kÀ¡nÄ
_p¡v lukmWv _joÀkv _p¡v ÌmÄ F¶ t]cnð {]Êv ¢_v tdmUnð ]o¶nSv \S¯nbncp¶Xv.
ssh¡w apl½Zv _jodnsâ kz´w\msS¶p hntijn¸n¡mhp¶ Hcp \KcamWv FdWmIpfw.
20 hÀjs¯ "id]d 'Fgp¯v FdWmIpfw Pohn¨ncp¶ Ime¯mWv \S¯nbXv C¡me¯v Gähpw
IqSpXð Bß_Ôw ]peÀ¯nbncp¶ Hcp IpSpw_amWv sIm¨n³ t_¡dn¡mcptSXv. _joÀ sIbÀ
/Hm^v sIm¨n³ t_¡dn F¶ ]gbIme hnemkw {]kn²amWv. "\oï Igp¯v " F¶ IYbnse
\mbÀ s]¬Ip«n N«pImen, thiy F¶o IYm]m{X§sfñmw sIm¨nbpsS sXcphpIfnð \n¶pw
hmÀs¯Sp¯ IYm]m{X§fmWv.
sIm¨nbpw Pnbpw
ImeSn¡Sp¯v \mbt¯mSp{Kma¯nð P\n¨
i¦c¡pdp¸nsâ IÀ½ taJe apgph\pw sIm¨n \Kc¯nembncp¶p. almcmPmkv tImtfPnse
A[ym]I\mbncp¶Xv sIm¨n \nhmknIfpsS am{Xañ aebmft{]anIfpsS alm`mKyambncp¶p.
kakvX tIcf kmlnXy]cnj¯nsâ A²y£ ]Zw Ae¦cn¨n«pïv. 1950 ð almcmPmkv tImtfPnð
\n¶pw hncan¨p. At±l¯nsâ A[yb\ coXnbnð BIyjvScmbn am{Xw [mcmfw t]À aebmfw
sFÑnIambn ]Tn¡m³ XpS§n.
N§¼pg IyjvW]nÅ
N§¼pg IyjvW]nÅbpsS Imhy`mh\IÄ sImïv
A\p{KloXamb \KcamWv sIm¨n. CS¸Ån F¶ {]tZiw N§¼pg IyjvW]nÅbpsSbpw CS¸Ån
cmLh³ ]nÅbptSbpw t]cpsImïv temI{]ikvXn BÀÖn¨ HcnSamWv. A]mcamb hmb\ioe¯n\pZmlcWamWv
At±l¯nsâ tlmw sse{_dn. {]ikvX IyXnbbmb caW³ a\Ênte´n \nch[n BfpIÄ C¶pw
CS¸Ånbnse¯p¶p. IhnXsbgpXm³ Xqhð FSp¡pt¼mÄ am{Xw IhnbmIp¶pÅp F¶pw Hcp
{]mIvSn¡ð a\pjy\mbn Pohn¡Ww F¶ A`n{]mbw sImïp \S¡pt¼mgpw kv{Xo hnjb¯nð
AanXambn apgpIntbm F¶ Hcp Ipät_m[w ]ïv At±lw shfns¸Sp¯pIbmbn. Xsâ Bcm[nIamsc
shdpw ssItbmsS Xncn¨b¡m\pf hnapJX sImïmWv CXp kw`hn¨sX¶p At±lw HmÀ½s¸Sp¯p¶p.
N§¼pgbptSbpw CS¸Ån cmLh³ ]nÅbptSbpw kulyZw aebmf kmlnXyNcn{X¯nse AhnkvacWobamb
Hcp A[ymbamWv. "caW³" F¶ Imhyw hnð]\¡mbn Cd¡n A`pX]qÀÆamb t\«wssIhcn¨p.
PohnX ss\cmiyhpw thZ\bpambn IsdImew Aeªp \S¶ At±lw 1948 Pq¬ amk¯nð CltemIhmkw
shSnªp. N§¼pgbpsS HmÀ½IÄ t]dp¶ kvayXn aWvU]hpw ]mÀ¡pw C¶v CS¸Ånbnepïv.
sIm¦Wn `mjbpw ]pcptjm¯a añ¿bpw
Ihn, Ncn{XImc³, hnhÀ¯I³ F¶ \neIfnð
{it²b\mb ]pcptjm¯a añ¿ sIm¦Wn `mjbpsS FñmsañmamWv sIm¦Wn `mjsb `cWLS\bpsS
8mw sjUyqfnð DÄs¸Sp¯m³ {]bXv\n¨ hyànbmWv añ¿. sIm¦Wn `mj¡v kz´amsbmcp
AkvXnXzapsï¶p Øm]n¨Xv Ct±lamWv. sIm¨nbnð sIm¦Wn `mjm {]Nmck` Øm]n¨p.
k`bpsS Øm]I sk{I«dnbmbncp¶p añ¿. 1975 ð sIm¦Wn kzX{´`mjbmbn tI{µ kmlnXy
A¡mZan AwKoIcn¨p. tZh\mKcn en]n HutZymKnI en]nbmbn. Cw¥ojv `mjbnð 5
]pkvXI§fpw sIm¦Wnbnð 13 ]pkvXI§fpw añ¿bptSXmbn«pïv. 1979 ð kvacWmRvPen
F¶ IhnXm kamlmcw {]kn²oIcn¨p. Uðln BØm\amb sIm¦Wn kmlnXy A¡mZanbpsS
sIm¦Wn hnImkv F¶ amKknsâ ]{Xm[n]cmbncp¶p. 1294 ð tKmh Xoc¯p \n¶p ]emb\wsNbvX
sIm¦Wn kaqls¯ sIm¨nbnð Isï¯nb Ncn{X tcJIÄ hfsc {]kn²amWv. H¸w a«mt©cn¡mc\mbn
sIm¦Wn `mj¡pthïn{]bXv\n¨ añ¿bpw.
sshtem¸nÅn {io[ctat\m³
C¶s¯ IeqcmWv sshtem¸nÅnbpsS tZiw.
Xm³. hfÀ¶p h¶ kmlNcy¯nsâ ]cnanXnIÄ \mSnsâ Nn{Xw hniZoIcn¨psImïmWv Ihn
FSp¯p ImWn¡p¶Xv. cïp t£{X§fmWv Cu tZi¯pïmbncp¶Xv . (1) tNcmXy¡ð t£{Xw
(2) ]mh¡pfw t£{Xw Ieqcn\Iem]mc¼cyw AhImis¸Sm\nsñ¦nepw ASp¯pÅ CS¸Ånbpambn
]ïpapXte Hcp kulyZw Dïmbncp¶p. \ñ t£{X§fpw t£{X§fnð DÕh§fpw IYIfnbpw
X¼pcmsâ tImhneIs¯ Npän]än hnZzm\vamcpsS Hcp aWvUehpw AXn\¸pdw \m«pImcmb
bphm¡fpsS Hcp kmlnXy kamPhpw ChnsS \ne\n¶ncp¶p. hnZymÀ°nIÄ¡pw IhnIÄ¡pw
aÕcn¡m\pw hfcm\pw CXv klmbIambn .
CS¸Ån cmLh³ ]nÅ
sIm¨nbnepw CS¸ffnbnepw hnjmZw \ndª
IhnXIÄ ]ckv]cw sNmñn tIĸn¨v \S¶ncp¶ cïp hyànIfmbncp¶p N§¼pgIyjvW]nÅbpw
CS¸ffn cmLh³ ]nÅbpw. "aWnapg¡w " F¶ ImhykyjvSn CS¸Ån cmLh³ ]nÅbpsS Aaqey
ImhykyjvSnIfnð H¶mWv. aebmf kmlnXy temI¯v CS¸Ån F¶ Øe¯n\v {]ikvXn t\SnsImSp¯Xv
cmLh³ ]nÅbmsW¶p ]dbmw. N§¼pgbpsScaW\neqsS P\e£§fpsS hnjmZ IYm]m{Xambn
amdnb Ct±l¯nsâ t]cnð Hcp tdmUp IqsS C¶pïv. tZh³ Ipf§cbnð \n¶v ]p¶bv¡te¡pÅ
tdmUn\v CS¸Ån cmLh³ ]nÅ F¶mWv. "Xpjmclmcw", "lyZb kvanXw" F¶o ]e \ñ
IhnXIfpw At±l¯ntâXmbpïv.
